Index
Page numbers in italics indicate illustrations.
accessing Self, 13–15
addictions, 84
adolescents
Dissociative Experience Scale II (DES), 79
Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation (MID), 81
altered consciousness, and hypnosis, 34
Alchemy of Wolves and Sheep The (Schwartz), 35
alters. See also parts
subjective realities, 150
switching, 84
amnesia
between alters, 84
inducing, in a victim, 35
anxiety disorders
dissociative symptom, 84
trance state, 33
attacks, on self and others
Compass of Shame, 220
Ativan (lorazepam), 101–2, 109–10
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), diagnosis, 73, 84
auditory representational system, 38
avoidance, in the Compass of Shame, 221
baby parts, in SSI, 56–57
Baker, S., 213
Berne, Eric, Transactional Analysis in Psychotherapy, 7
bilateral tapping, 109, 153, 156, 166
bipolar disorder, diagnosis of, 73–74
BITE model of destructive mind control, 218–19
blending of parts with Self, 9, 13–15, 14
blocking parts, 184
board complaints against therapists, 201–2
body image, change of, in trance state, 37
borderline personality, diagnosis of, 73–74
boundaries, establishing in phase-oriented treatment, 121–22
brain, parts and functions, 135, 136
Brand, Bethany, xiii
Brown, Daniel P., Hypnotherapy and Hypnoanalysis (with E. Fromm), 34
bubble imagery, 61–62
burdens, replacing, Step 5 in INF, 17–18. See also unburdening
Butterfly Hug, 109
childhood abuse
amnesia techniques, 35
attachment needs, 86–87
duty to report, 148
infants and disorganized attachment, 84
trance state, 33–35
children, and Dissociative Experience Scale II (DES), 77–79
Chu, Jim, xiii
Clarity, 9, 224
concrete thought processes, 39
conditioning, classical, 35
Colluder, in Karpman Drama Triangle, 215
Compass of Shame, 220–22
Complex PTSD (C-PTSD)
Safe Space Imagery (SSI), 44–47
suicide ideation, 219
communication among parts, 118–19
consciousness, altered, and hypnosis, 34
Connectedness, 9, 223
container imagery, 62–64, 167–68
coping skills, 41–42
affect dial, 66–67
bubble imagery, 61–62
container imagery, 62–64, 168
in phase-oriented treatment, 111–12
Safe Space Imagery (SSI), 42, 44–46
safe walls, 65–66
countertransference, 211–12
complicated issues, 202–5
feelings involved in, 20–21
fire drill method, 22–29
patterns of, 217–18
therapist’s awareness of, 124
Courage, 9, 223
Courtois, Christine, 219–20
on managing “memories,” 97
C-PTSD. See Complex PTSD
crisis of progress, 186
cuing, 107–10
culture/language issues, 4–5
Curiosity, 223
Daily Life Teams, 135–41, 144–49
parenting teams,146
parts and functions of the brain, 135–37, 136
Daily Morning Homework, 141–44
Dalenberg, C. J., 211
De Becker, Gavin, The Gift of Fear, 217
deep, dreamless, healing sleep, 67–69, 180
depression
diagnosis, 74
dissociative symptom, 84
diagnosis
Dissociative Experience Scale, 77
DSM, use of, 71–73
Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation (MID), 81
phase-oriented treatment, 122–23
psychological testing, 73
statistics for treatment experiences, 72
Suggestive Signs, 74–77, 75
Structured Clinical Interview for Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D), 81
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM), classification of C-PTSD, 93
dissociation, trance state, 36
dissociative disorders
continuum, 236–37
gender issues, 2–3
presentation, initial, of client, 72–74
Safe Space Imagery (SSI), 44–47
stability among parts, 90–91
suicidal ideation, 219
symptoms and trance state, 33
Dissociative Experience Scale (DES), 77–78, 79, 124
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), 31
DSM-5 criteria, 84
medications, negotiating with parts, 103–7
multiple reality disorder, 90
variety of parts, 89–90
driving, avoidance of, 46
drugs. See medication
dual diagnosis, 74
ego state therapy, 7–8
explanation of, 126
normal multiplicity, 85
pathology, 85
steps in IFS, 12
Ego States: Theory and Therapy (Watkins and Watkins),7–8
Emerald, David, The Power of Ted, 216
emergency medical technicians (EMTs), and dissociative states, 36
Erickson, M., definition of utilization, 44
Exile
in phase-oriented treatment, 115
type of part in IFS, 10–11, 89
Eye Movement and Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), xv, 17
bilateral tapping, 109, 153, 156, 166
cues for medication, 109
versus Prozac for treating PTSD, 135
False Memory Foundation, xiii
fast-forward life reviews, 154, 156–57, 163, 188–89
fast trajectory clients, 209–10
Federn, Paul, Ego Psychology and the Psychosis, 7
feeling proofing, 173
fire drill method, 191, 207
tips and troubleshooting, 28–29
Firefighter
in phase-oriented treatment, 115
type of part in IFS, 10–12, 89
flashbacks, and trance state, 33
Ford, Treating Complex Traumatic Stress Disorders in Adults (with Courtois), 93–94
Frankel, Steven, xiv, 202
Frederick, Claire, xiii
Fromm, Erika
Hypnotherapy and Hypnoanalysis (with D. Brown), 34
gaslighting, 218
gender, 1–3, 6
dissociated parts, 2–3
reassignment, 3
Giandes, Carol, xiv
Gladu, Evelyn, xiv
Glick, Hillary, xiv
Grace, Carol, xiv
Hassen, S., 218
height, orienting to, 159–61, 160
Herbine-Blank, Toni, xix
Herman, Judith, Trauma and Recovery, 93
high-functioning clients, 88–89
homicidal parts, 59–60
hospital safe space, 61
Howell, Elizabeth, 137
hypnosis
defined, 32
language, to facilitate trance, 42–43
hypnotic language
cuing, for use of medication, 107–10
informed wording, 38–40
permissive, 32
posthypnotic suggestions, 40
infants, and disorganized attachment, 84
integrated functioning, 91–92
integration and reconfiguration
goal of treatment, 91–92, 188
Step 6 in INF, 18
Internal Family Systems (IFS). See also Trauma-Informed IFS Therapy
author’s experiences of, 222–23
categories of parts, 10–11
compared to trauma and dissociation informed IFS, 89–91
normal multiplicity, 84
versus phase-oriented treatment, 112–16
principles of, 8–9
seven steps, 12–18
Internal Family Systems Therapy (Schwartz and Sweezy), 19
International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, 208
intrusions, coping with in SSI, 51–52
intrusive phase, in PTSD, 31
Janet, Pierre, 7
phase-oriented trauma treatment, 111
Jobs, D., Managing Suicidal Risk, 220
Karpman Drama Triangle, 215–16
Kayma, Huge, xiv, 1
kinesthetic representational system, 38
Klonopin (clonazepam)
versus Ativan, 102
medication during treatment, 100
Kluft, Richard, xiii, 37, 208–10, 222
on boundaries, 121–22
Multiple Reality Disorder, 37, 90, 150
“rule of thirds” for paced processing, 171–72
leadership qualities of Self, 9, 12
learned helplessness, 120
life review, 188–89
life teams, daily. See Daily Life Teams
linking suggestions, 39
Livingstone, John, xiv
Lyons-Ruth, K., 84
malpractice
suicide or homicide incident, 220
termination of treatment, 200–201
Managers
versus healing force, 86
in phase-oriented treatment, 115
type of part in IFS, 10–12, 89
Maslow, Abraham, xvi
Me and White Supremacy (Saad),4
medication
cuing, to enable use of, 107–10
evaluating providers, 102–3
negotiating with parts, 103–6
physiological effects, 101–2
reasons to prescribe, 98–101
medium trajectory clients, 210
memory
amnesia inducing techniques, 36–37
fallibility of, 95–97
managing, 97
somatic, 108
traumatic material, managing, 97
Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation (MID), 81
Multiple Reality Disorder, 37, 90, 150
native language, to connect with a client, 4
negative responses, idiosyncratic, 38
neurology, parts and functions of brain, 135, 136
neuropathways, negative, 101–2
neutral energy, while unburdening, 17
New England Society for the Treatment of Trauma and Dissociation, 219
Nonrescuer, in Karpman Drama Triangle, 215
nonverbal communication
fast-forward life reviews, 154, 156–57, 163, 188–89
with parts, 207
visualization for communication, 154
normalizing, as part of SSI, 47
Dave (Novak, husband of author), xiv
numbing phase, in PTSD, 31
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), 84
offenders, control of victim’s perceptions, 218
Orienting Parts to the Present (Retrieval), 150–68, 151, 155, 160, 165
bilateral tapping method, 109, 153, 156, 166
broadcasting to all parts, 155–56, 155
child orienting to adult, 164–66, 165
height, orienting to, 159–61, 160
identifying feelings from the past, 153–56, 155, 167
trusting the therapist, 162–64
Other Specified Dissociative Disorder (OSDD), parts
accessing, with Self, 13–15, 14
experiences of unblending, 14–15
witnessing, 15–16, 162–64
paced processing, and rule of thirds, 171–72
parenting
parts. See also Exiles; Firefighters; Managers; phases of treatment
baby, 56–57
body image, changes in, 37
categories, in IFS, 10
dissociation, 36–37
integration of, 91–92
involuntarism, perceived, 37
negotiating medication for, 103–7
normalizing discussion of, 123–25
orienting to present (retrieval), 150–68, 151, 155, 160, 165
perceptions, altered, 36
Phase 1 of phase-oriented treatment, 118–34
questions for, 138–39
state-dependent learning, 37–38
time distortion and timelessness, 36
trance logic or tolerance for incongruity, 37
types of, in trauma informed IFS, 89–90
perceived involuntarism, 37
perception, altered, 36
permissive hypnosis, 32
Persecutor, in Karpman Drama Triangle, 215
Phase 1, in phase-oriented treatment
boundary setting, 121–22
cooperation among parts, 132–33
coping skills, 134
daily morning homework, 134
diagnosis, 122
dissociation of traumatic material, 131–32
dutch door concept, 131, 132
introducing parts, 123–26
journaling, 130–31
layers of parts, 127, 127
map of internal system, 131
psychoeducation, 126–27
strategies, 128–31
Phase 2, in phase-oriented treatment
paced processing, 170–78
protected steps, 177–78
“rule of thirds,” 171–72
Trauma X, 172
witnessing, 173–77, 174
Phase 3, in phase-oriented treatment, 190–92
ending treatment, 192
psychoeducation, 191
stress management, 191
phase-oriented trauma treatment, 7
versus IFS, 112–16
Phase 1 tasks, 118–21
three phases of, 111–12
physiological effects, on unmedicated clients, 101–2
picture in the picture (PIP), 173–74, 174
police, and dissociative states, 36
Porges, 207
positive language and suggestion, 35, 40
posthypnotic suggestions, 40
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 31. See also C-PTSD
Power of Ted, The (Emerald),216
presentation, initial, of client, 72–74
present time, orienting to, 16
projective identification, 212–13
psychoeducation, 46–47, 126, 191
psychological testing, 73, 78
questionnaires, 78–81, 229–30
questions and concerns
Dissociative Experience Scale, 77–78
racial issues, 3–4
Ravencroft, Jackson, xiv, 1
reconfiguring and grieving, 187–88
relaxation, suggestions for, 52–53
repetition, 39
replacing burdens, Step 5 in INF, 17–18
representational systems, 38
Rescuer, in Karpman Drama Triangle, 215
Retrieval. See Orienting Parts to the Present
Rodberg, Gloria, 146
“rule of thirds” for paced processing, 171–72
Saad, Layla, Me and White Supremacy, 4
Safe Space Imagery (SSI), 42, 44–46
on another planet, 58
deep, dreamless, healing sleep, 67–69
developmental safe space, 57
coping with intrusions, 51–52
cuing, in EMDR training, 107
ending the session, 53–55
hospital safe space, 61
in the past, 60
process safe spaces, 58
protective SSI, 59
psychoeducation on, 46–47
secure safe places, 59
spirit part, 58
teaching SSI, dialogue for, 48–50
variations, 61–69
young child and baby parts, 56–57
safety and trust, in Phase 1, 120–21
Salter, A. C., 218
Transforming Trauma, 108
schizophrenia, diagnosis of, 73
Schwartz, Harvey
The Alchemy of Wolves and Sheep, 35
Schwartz, Richard, xiii, 8, 9–10, 216
abusive parents’ attitudes, 87–88
Internal Family Systems Therapy (with M. Sweezy), 19
Parts Work, 19
Self
accessing, step 1 in IFS, 13–15, 14
IFS’s concept of, 9–12
leadership qualities of, 9, 12
therapists’ awareness of, 2
tips for fire drill, 29
Self-energy
clients’ aversion to, 88
therapists’ connecting with, 88
self-hypnosis, 32
Self-led life, in Phase 3, 190
senses, engaging the client’s, 43
shaming, to induce amnesia, 35
slow trajectory clients, 210–11
somatic memory, and cuing, 108
Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire(SDQ), 79
spirit part, 58
spokes-part, 173
stabilization, in phase-oriented treatment, 115
Stanziani, Paula, xiv
state-dependent learning, 37–38
Steele, Kathy, Treating Trauma-Related Dissociation, 208
Stone, Hal and Sidra, Embracing Each Other, 10
stress management, 191
Striepe, Meg, xiv, 1
Structured Clinical Interview for Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D), 81
subjective units of distress (SUDs), 66
suggestibility, in trance state, 34
suicide, of client, 218–20
suicide or homicide incident, 220
Stone, Hal and Sidra, Embracing Each Other, 10
suggestions, 39, 40
Sweezy, M., Internal Family Systems Therapy (with R. Schwartz), 19
talk therapy and functions of the brain, 135–37, 136
tapping. See bilateral tapping
teams, 144-148
Daily Life Teams, 144-146
parenting teams, 146-148
teams, examples, 148-149
television, imaginary, for processing trauma, 173–75, 174
termination of treatment, 193–201
countertransference issues, 202–5
planned vs. unplanned, 194
therapists
effects of client suicide, 219–20
ending the session, 43–44
ending treatment, 193–98
humility, importance of, 202
hypnotic language recommendations, 42–43
legal will, 199–200
malpractice insurance,
relational bridge for clients, 137–38
reporting abuse, 148
stance for treatment, 207–8
termination of treatment, 205
threats to induce amnesia, 35
time distortion and timelessness
trance states, 36
client’s experience,125
“time out” strategy, 168
tolerance for ambiguity, 37
trance logic, or tolerance for ambiguity, 37
trance states, 32–34
amnesia-inducing techniques, 36–37
hypnotic language, 42–43
symptoms and behaviors, 34–37
Transactional Analysis, 7
Transactional Analysis in Psychotherapy (Berne),7
transference
complicated issues, 202–5
patterns, 217–18
transgender roles, 2–3
traumatic material
in client’s memory, 97
in phase-oriented treatment, 112
treatment
ending, 192–95
trajectories, 209–10
Twombly, Joanne, H.
unblending
accessing Self, 13–15, 14
fire drill process, 23–27
unburdening
neutral energy of unburdened trauma, 17
in Phase 2, 181, 183–84
Step 4 in INF, 17–18
underdiagnosis, 72
Ursuy, Ellaine, xiv
Van der Kolk, B. A.
impact of trauma on cellular level, 53
reenactment of trauma, 213–14
victim
in Karpman Drama Triangle, 215
perceptions of, controlled by offenders, 218
violence, assessing potential for, 217–18
visualization for nonverbal parts, 154
visual representative system, 38
Voice Dialogue (VD), 10
Watkins, John and Helen, Ego States: Theory and Therapy, 7–8
white centering, 4
will, professional, of therapist, 199–200, 205
window of tolerance, 41–42, 41
witnessing
in phase-oriented treatment, 115
in Phase 2 treatment, 173–77, 174
Step 2 of IFS, 15–16
television, imaginary, 173–75, 174
World Professional Association for Transgender Health, 2
Xanax (alprazolam), versus Ativan, 102
“yes set,” 40
young child parts, in SSI, 56–57
Zielin, Lara, xiv